What does a nightjar sound like?

If you want to find out, first of all you need to locate a male nightjar.  According to the RSPB there are just 4,606 of them in the UK between May and August. They sing at night and like heathland - which is not necessarily the easiest surface to walk over in the dark.  But the heath at Gwaith Powdwr has smooth pathways and a guide, Rob Booth, to take you to the right spot at the right time without scaring the birds away. 

Rob will be leading a nightjar walk on Saturday 30^th June and on Friday 6^th July starting, presumably from the entrance to Gwaith Powdwr, at 8:30pm.  There is a charge of £2 for members of North Wales Wildlife Trust (NWWT) and £4 for non members. Please call Rob or the NWWT office on 01248 351541 if you would like to take part.

If you can’t make it, turn off your lights, close your eyes, turn up the volume and listen to the film above. The birdsong and call is courtesy of BirdVoice which produces great products for people like me struggling to make sense of who is singing what. 

Meadow magic

Meadow magic

Meadows buzzing with insects, a kaleidoscope of colour, are just a nostalgic memory. They don’t exist any more. Or do they? Just back from Slovenia, having seen the most astonishingly beautiful meadows, four of us decided to see what a Welsh meadow had to offer.

The National Trust’s Plas Newydd estate, on Anglesey, decided to open one of its meadows to the public, offering two guided walks per day over a five day period, from 23 to 27 June. Visitors pass an impressive bank of solar panels, and walk along carefully mown walks through a hay meadow. I cannot imagine any visitor not being impressed by what we saw.

Dandelion-like Cat’s ears and yellow rattle contrast with thousands of orchids, ranging from pale pink to deep purple. Most are common spotted orchids, but there are also hundreds of northern marsh orchids and hybrids of the two. But it is the handsome white cylinders of greater butterfly orchids that really take the breath away.

Ten years ago a visitor reported finding five greater butterfly orchids, a species for which there has never been a definite Anglesey record before, in the meadow. The National Trust took advice on how to manage the site, and implemented a regime of late hay cutting and grazing. It has done the trick; this rare orchid has multiplied fivefold. You don’t have to go to Sovenia after all to be wowed by a wildflower meadow.

The nature of a trail marathon

There was only one way to find out if I could do a marathon and a new one on my doorstep at Coed y Brenin seemed the obvious choice. ‘Trail’ sounded so much more appealing than road; although at the time I did not realise trail would translate into 3,959 feet of altitude gain.

A strong breeze kept away the worst of the midges as the organisers outlined a revised course. Torrential rains had forced a new route to be marked at the last moment. Then it was into the starting funnel, ‘The Final Countdown’ blaring out of the speakers, and Iori, the wildlife ranger, started us with a blast from his twelve bore.

For the first mile there was much shuffling of the pack as runners settled into their pace, conversations were struck up and there was a steady, easy going atmosphere as we ambled along. After an hour and six miles into the trail, front runners of the half marathon went pounding past on a thin, steeply downhill path laced with slippery tree roots – having started 30 minutes later than me they were obviously going twice as fast.   

What we lost in altitude into that deep gorge was regained by an exhausting haul up the other side. Once more on high ground we were able to take in distant views towards Cadair Idris but low cloud meant only a local would know that. At Tyn y Groes, friendly assistants handed out snacks and drinks at one of the many oases along the way. Beginning to feel a bit weary I chanced a gel, a pouch of instant energy, but I won’t be using them again.

‘Twelve miles in two hours’ my new friend from Edinburgh told me, reading off her high tech gadget. For her this was just a training run for a sixty four mile event around Mont Blanc. Much as I enjoyed her company I explained that I needed to drop down a gear and off she went. This was my black spot with legs feeling heavy. I was now at the furthest point I’d run before. If I could get through the next six miles I’d have a good chance.

The following stretch seemed to go upwards for ever and I wasn’t the only one walking the steep bits - and later on the not so steep bits. Four young women passed me chatting as they went. There was talk about the Champagne being on ice. One said she’d have some tonic with her first gin. Printed on the backs of their T shirts:

Never under estimate

the strength

of a woman

Don’t f@#k with

one who enjoys

running 26.2 miles

My heart sank as the route took us back down that deep gorge and up the other side but then it was steady running once more. My companion at this stage was a woman from Abergavenny, also doing her first marathon. Knee bandaged and pumped with pills after an early fall she was determined to reach the finish. Whilst I was looking forward to a hot bath, supper and a couple of beers in front of Euro 2012 she had the prospect of feeding four young children at their campsite.

Flapjacks and a few words of encouragement buoyed me up for the final stretch. After crossing a river one of the helpers said ‘well done, just over a mile to go’.  I think he meant just a mile of uphill, it was steep and a cruel sting in the tail. Then a steady half mile freewheeling down to the finish. A few minutes under six hours was not fast but I’d done it. The first person in the world to ever do a trail marathon in this body.

Many thanks to Trail Marathon Wales for organising the event in cooperation with Forestry Commission Wales – it was brilliant, friendly and atmospheric. Thanks also to all the marshals, volunteers and to South Snowdonia Mountain Rescue Team whose presence gave me a little bit of reassurance. My only criticism would be towards my fellow runners for dumping so much plastic along the way.

What next? How about having a go at the Dragon's Back Race?

Walking with wolves

Monday 2^nd July meet 12:45 for a 13:00 depart from Tan y Bwlch station on a guided walk into Coed y Bleiddiau, ‘forest of the wolves’, returning via the train leaving Dduallt at 15:30. Four hundred years ago wolves roamed this forest and legend has it that this is where the last wolf in Wales was slain.

In those days the land was owned by the Lloyds of Dduallt and their old house has recently been tree ring dated to 1559. In the census of 1841 there were 52 people living on their 600 acre farm; in the 2011 census there were only 5! Fortunately the land was acquired by the National Trust in the 1960s otherwise this beautiful oak woodland, managed by CCW, would be sitka spruce.

Huw Jenkins (that’s me) will lead this walk on behalf of the Snowdonia Society (Cwmdeithas Eryri). The route through the Maentwrog nature reserve stays close to the railway line but I’ve slashed an off-piste path through the bracken to show you some of my favourite bits.

The woods are full of birds singing away. I’m no bird expert but equipped with BirdVoice (a recent birthday present) we’ll see if together we can identify some of the many songs.

If you wish to join the walk the Snowdonia Society suggests you give them a donation of £2 if you are a member of the society and £5 if not. The one way ticket from Dduallt to Tan y Bwlch can be bought on the train and costs £2.40 or £2.20 for the over 60s. The Ffestiniog Railway have confirmed that the Tan y Bwlch café will be open.

We might see some goats but just in case we don’t, this is what they looked like a couple of weeks ago:

The Snowdonia Society is a registered charity working to protect, enhance and celebrate Snowdonia, its wildlife and heritage. The Society works with local communities, organisations and businesses to achieve this vision.

For full event details or to book a place contact Frances on 01286 685498 or email frances@snowdonia-society.org.uk

Inspired by Nature - the winners

Chris Kinsey is the winner of the Natur Cymru Inspired by Nature writing competition sponsored by WWF Cymru, Tŷ Newydd, The Wildlife Trust of South and West Wales and Dolphin Survey Boat Trips.

Andrew Forgrave, rural affairs editor at the Daily Post, said of The Hawk Moth Effect, the winning entry: ‘Can you remember that precise moment when you fell in love with wildlife? Chris Kinsey can. She was aged 10, and the object of her affection was an elephant hawk moth. With the gift of adult hindsight, she recalls the childish wonderment she felt with this “beautiful imago” that, to her astonishment, carried the gift of metamorphosis. Its “Alice-in-Wonderland transformation” from cigar butt chrysalis to moth world stealth bomber sparked a lifelong fascination with lepidoptera. And who can blame her?’

Gillian Clarke, the national poet of Wales and one of the judges, commented: ‘The best entries teach me something, and have a narrative. Good writing is clear, and avoids the temptation to add too many adjectives.’

Gillian Clarke will present Chris Kinsey with the £500 cash prize, donated by WWF Cymru, at the Dinefwr 2012 Literature Festival on 30^th June. She will also present the £500 voucher for the residential nature writing course at Tŷ Newydd to John Harold who came second with an article titled How I fell in love with the frog lady.

James Robertson, editor of Natur Cymru, commented ‘The competition elicited some wonderful pieces of writing. Luckily we had five prizes to give out: the judges agonised about the order of the final five, each having its strong points. Congratulations to all five winners, and all those who took part. Nature writing is clearly flourishing.’

Anne Meikle, Head of WWF Cymru, said: ‘WWF Cymru is delighted to have sponsored this year’s Natur Cymru writing competition. We hope reading such talented work will enthuse others into discovering the wonders of nature and some of the threats which they face.’

The other prize winners are Eloise Williams who wins an overnight trip for two to Skomer Island (sponsored by The Wildlife Trust of South and West Wales) with an article titled I carry your heart with me. In fourth place is Liz Fleming-Williams who wins a dolphin survey boat trip for two (sponsored by Dolphin Survey Boat Trips) for her article Snow on a Raven’s Wing. In fifth place is Rob Collister who wins a meal for two at the Glasshouse Café in the Wildlife Centre at Cilgerran (sponsored by The Wildlife Trust of South and West Wales) for his article In my backyard.

The first two articles will be published in the autumn edition of Natur Cymru. Prize giving at Dinefwr will be in the dining room of Newton House at Dinefwr at 2:15 pm Saturday 30^th June. This will be followed by a guided walk through Castell Woods led by Ray Woods and Lizzie Wilberforce.

Nora hates flounders

Last weekend was bad news for the Dyfi ospreys and you can hear Emyr Evans describing the storm, the death of one chick and the dramatic rescue of the other, on Country Focus, Sunday 17^th June.  I met up with Emyr on Thursday afternoon to make the recording and Ceulan, the rescued chick, had doubled in size over five days and was looking fit and well.

I will NOT eat flounder

But there were concerns that Ceulan had not been fed that day. Monty, the male osprey, had delivered a flounder to near the nest and left it draped over a branch. Nora, who started her life in Rutland Water, well away from strange-looking flat fish, ignored it while crows pecked away. By the time I left the wind had picked up, another storm was on its way and Monty had not delivered anything more appetising. What happened next?

The wonders of social media .... there was a tweet from @DyfiOspreys to say Monty had arrived with a huge grey mullet at teatime. See live streaming here. At the time of posting this item both mother and chick looked fit and well.

Emyr has written a brilliant article about the reserve which will appear in the next edition of Natur Cymru due back from the printers on 22nd June. The summer edition would have been a week earlier but for the fact that the printers, based in Aberystwyth, also got flooded! 

Wildlife Trusts Wales - Natur Cymru summer edition

Artwork by Chris Chalk

• Wildlife Trusts in Wales - how did it all begin? Kate & Geoff Gibbs
• Cors Dyfi - one of nature’s jewels. Emyr Evans
• At the bottom of the garden - wildlife surveys in Cardiff. Rob Parry
• Wildlife gardening in north Wales. Anna Williams
• Running a Wildlife Trust. Huw Jenkins
• Dandelions of Cardiff. Tim Rich
• NATUR. Celia Thomas
• Fifty years ago - great black backed gulls on Skomer. David Saunders
• Lady Park Wood - the loss of ground flora. Kathleen Vanhuyse, Pieter Vangansbeke and George F. Peterken
• Coedwig ffosil Brymbo. Raymond Roberts                            
• The Denbigh plum - threats to native varieties. Oliver Prŷs Jones
• Is Pwyll y felin a turlough? Gareth Farr
• New Dyfi catchment and woodland research platform. Huw Evans
• Marine Matters - Protected or not? Mick Green
• Mammal news. Frances Cattanach
• Green bookshelf. Book reviews on bumblebees and slime moulds of Cheshire.
• A review of the Iolo Williams DVD box sets - The Secret Life of Birds and WildWales.

Publication date 22nd June (there was a slight delay as our printers, based in Aberystwyth, were victims of the recent flooding). Cover price £4.00. Quarterly by subscription £16 p.a. or £15 by direct debit. For further information visit www.naturcymru.org.uk or call 01248 387 373. If you would like to download an A4 poster for this edition please click here.

Bugs of Maentwrog

You never know what you will find and sometimes you will never know what you have found. I was busy weeding my garden when I sensed I was not alone, like a small periscope, some form of beetle kept rising out of a column in the grass. I made a short film of it and an expert suggested, from what little could be seen, that it might be a dung beetle.

But if I was a dung beetle I wouldn’t have chosen my sheep-free veg patch.  Does my beetle travel long distance to collect its dung? Yesterday I placed five balls of sheep poo just outside its hole and they are still there today ....  so, maybe it’s not a dung beetle.    

I was walking through the nature reserve with Molly (our dog) as she chased her frisbee through the bracken sending up a swarm of insects with the most enormous antennae. After sifting through many pages of my British Insects I feel reasonably confident that these were Nemophora degeerella (Adelidae).

Buff Tip

A bit further on was a Buff tip moth, perfectly camouflaged as a birch twig, but fifty metres from the nearest birch it was a bit of a giveaway on the bracken. 

Britain in a Day

What were you doing on Saturday 12^th November 2011? On Monday (11^th June 2012) at 9pm on BBC Two there will be a documentary titled Britain in a Day. The 90 minute programme has been culled from 750 hours of footage supplied by the public and is said to be ‘an extraordinarily candid look at 21^st century life across Britain. The documentary offers remarkable insight into the lives, loves, fears and hopes of people living in Britain today. This captivating self-portrait of Britain forms part of the BBC’s Cultural Olympiad.'

I was looking after the Natur Cymru stall at the Mammal Society conference in Bangor.

Pied flycatcher of Maentwrog

It's non stop action at the pied flycatcher nest. I'm surprised they chose a nest so low down at eye level from our drive. A couple of years ago a startled squirrel ran away from my car into this hole and left its tail hanging out - a bit like head in the sand.

We need your dragonfly and damselfly records

The British Dragonfly Society (BDS) is planning a new atlas of British and Irish dragonflies and damselflies for 2013. Though recording across North Wales has intensified since 2000 there are still many gaps in our recording of all species and your observations are greatly needed to help fill these. Please note that this is the last year to contribute to this atlas and I would encourage you to send in your observations before it is too late. I have the task of processing all such records and making sure they go into the national system. A copy of all BDS records for North Wales also goes to COFNOD.

Mating Blue Emperor (Anax imperator).This species
was a rare sighting before the late 1990s when it moved
north and north-west into the region. It is now widespread
and even breeding in the mountain tarns of Snowdonia.
Is this due to climate change?  

Dragonflies and damselflies, which breed in either running or still water depending on species, are under increasing stress from habitat loss and pollution. They are extremely sensitive indicators of water quality as they are also of Climate Change and worldwide there are many changes taking place in their distribution. Nationally, new species are moving north and entering Britain from the continent and, even for the relatively small region of North Wales, several species have extended their ranges to become resident here since around 2000. So it is important to establish just where each species is currently breeding so we can monitor future changes. Your records will also shed light on the phenology of these intriguing insects.

Female Large Red Damsel (Pyrrhosoma nymphula). This 

year the species was observed to emerge on the 6th April 

which was a record for the earliest emergence. 

Is this due to climate change?

Though lively and beautiful, sun-loving dragonflies and damselflies have never been as popular as, say, butterflies and moths but the publication of several new field guides has led to a surge in interest. Currently 35 species have been recorded from North Wales although four of these are occasional migrants from the Continent and are not known to have bred here. They are particularly popular with wildlife photographers as they pose an interesting challenge in technique. As they are very active flying creatures, identifying adult dragonflies can appear daunting but in reality, and with a little practise, it should not prove that difficult if one is patient enough to wait until they settle up. Their colours are sexually dimorphic: males are more brightly and distinctively coloured and the easiest to identify; females are typically cryptically coloured and with some species of damselfly there may be a bewildering array of colour forms. Poorly coloured emergent and immature adults (tenerals) are difficult to identify and are therefore best avoided by beginners.

Male Downy Emerald (Cordulia aenea). Llyn Tecwyn
Isaf is the only known site in North Wales where
this species is known to breed. The larvae live
 amongst the leaf litter of tree-lined lakes.
Are there any other lakes with this species in North Wales?

As regards where to record, I’ve attached a map showing what the state of recording is for each 10 km square across North Wales. This is the resolution that will be used in the new BDS atlas. The numbers refer to the potentially ‘missing’ species for each square. The squares with red numbers are my target areas. But records from anywhere are most welcome as we also need to understand the distribution at more detailed scales and it is hoped to publish a more detailed account for North Wales at a later date. The actual ‘missing’ species are shown in the attached Excel chart with the use of abbreviations.

As regards what details to give, the minimum criteria would be date seen, location name, 6- or (better) 8-figure grid reference and the name of the species seen (with photos if possible to confirm identification – quality is not that important). Of more help in recording would be numbers seen of each stage: adults (males and females), copulation pairs (including tandem pairs), oviposition (egg-laying), exuviae (larval skins), emergent adults. The latter two stages are really the most important as they indicate positively that the species has bred successfully at the water body. The best way of estimating numbers of each stage is: A = 1, B = 2-5, C = 6-20, D = 21-100, E = 101-500, F = >500.

An image showing the potentially missing species in North Wales can be viewed by clicking here.

Please send the records in anytime (much better late than never!) but if it was a really interesting sighting, for example an indication of a migration underway, a prompt response would allow me to say something in a current ‘North Wales Dragonfly Newsletter’; this is copied onto the Cofnod website. More detailed records are best sent in using Excel format with separate columns for each stage entry. Examples of the way to send records in is provided by the BDS website page: http://british-dragonflies.org.uk/content/recording-dragonflies-and-damselflies-british-isles. Send records to me at my e-mail address: allanrowenconwy@sky.com.

Dr Allan Brandon, North Wales Dragonfly Recorder for the British Dragonfly Society. (all images and content from Allan Brandon)